Interrelationships of Late Neogene Elephantoids: New evidence from the Middle Awash Valley, Afar, Ethiopia
Identifieur interne : 00A755 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00A754; suivant : 00A756Interrelationships of Late Neogene Elephantoids: New evidence from the Middle Awash Valley, Afar, Ethiopia
Auteurs : Jon E. Kalb [États-Unis] ; David J. Froehlich [États-Unis]Source :
- Geobios [ 0016-6995 ] ; 1995.
Descripteurs français
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaurora, Afar, Anancus, Awash, Awash group, Beden, Chorora, Chorora formation, Clade, Conules, East africa, Elephantidae, Elephantoidea, Elephantoids, Elephas, Enamel, Enamel loop, Enamel loops, Ethiopia, Family elephantidae, Forme ancienne, Fossil, Genus, Gomphothere, Kalb, Kalb mebrate, Kenya, Kenyensis, Late neogene elephantoids, Lower formation, Lower molars, Lower plates, Lower tusks, Loxodont, Loxodonta, Loxodonta group, Lukeino, Lukeino formation, Maglio, Mammuthus, Mandible, Mandibular, Mandibular symphysis, Mebrate, Middle Awash, Middle sagantole formation, Molar, Monophyletic group, Neogene, Node, Other elephants, Oxford university press, Paraphyletic series, Pentalophodont, Posterior columns, Posterior face, Pretrite, Primelephas, Proboscidea, Proboscidea trends, Sagantole, Saitune dora, Shoshani, Sont, Sous presse, Stegodibelodon, Stegodon, Stegolophodon, Stegotetrabelodon, Systematic phylogeny, Tassy, Taxon, Tetralophodont, Tobien, Tusk, Upper sagantole formation, Upper tusks.
- Teeft :
- Adaurora, Anancus, Awash, Awash group, Beden, Chorora, Chorora formation, Clade, Conules, East africa, Elephantidae, Elephantoidea, Elephantoids, Elephas, Enamel, Enamel loop, Enamel loops, Ethiopia, Family elephantidae, Forme ancienne, Fossil, Genus, Gomphothere, Kalb, Kalb mebrate, Kenya, Kenyensis, Late neogene elephantoids, Lower formation, Lower molars, Lower plates, Lower tusks, Loxodont, Loxodonta, Loxodonta group, Lukeino, Lukeino formation, Maglio, Mammuthus, Mandible, Mandibular, Mandibular symphysis, Mebrate, Middle sagantole formation, Molar, Monophyletic group, Neogene, Node, Other elephants, Oxford university press, Paraphyletic series, Pentalophodont, Posterior columns, Posterior face, Pretrite, Primelephas, Proboscidea, Proboscidea trends, Sagantole, Saitune dora, Shoshani, Sont, Sous presse, Stegodibelodon, Stegodon, Stegolophodon, Stegotetrabelodon, Systematic phylogeny, Tassy, Taxon, Tetralophodont, Tobien, Tusk, Upper sagantole formation, Upper tusks.
Abstract
Abstract: As the most diverse collection of Elephantoidea from one area and a single stratigraphic sequence, fossils from the Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia, add significantly to our current knowledge of the morphology and systematic phylogeny of late Neogene proboscideans. Abundant specimens of the late surviving “gomphothere” (in the informal sense), Anancus, reveal two species, an earlier more plesiomorphic form in our cladistic analysis and a later, more derived form. The former is tetralophodont on the M2 and is similar to the poorly preserved A. kenyensis from Kenya; also this earlier form is likely to be the immediate ancestor of a more derived tetralophodont Anancus from South Africa. In turn, these two species are clearly ancestral to pentalophodont sister taxa, one from North Africa (A. petrocchii) and a second from the Middle Awash. Both the South African and Ethiopian derived Anancus are apparently new species. All known African genera of the family Elephantidae are also present in the Middle Awash including the three “stegomorphs”, Stegotetrabelodon, Stegodibelodon and Stegodon, all of which form a monophyletic group with the subfamily, Elephantinae, comprising Primelephas, Loxodonta, Mammuthus, and Elephas. In our cladistic analysis, the stegomorphs form a series of paraphyletic taxa that are clearly plesiomorphic to the more widely known elephantines. Finally, the abundant Middle Awash elephants add to our belief that the loxodonts and the remaining elephants (Primelephas, Mammuthus, Elephas) form separate clades that are sister groups to one another.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80068-9
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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elephants</term><term>Oxford university press</term><term>Paraphyletic series</term><term>Pentalophodont</term><term>Posterior columns</term><term>Posterior face</term><term>Pretrite</term><term>Primelephas</term><term>Proboscidea</term><term>Proboscidea trends</term><term>Sagantole</term><term>Saitune dora</term><term>Shoshani</term><term>Sont</term><term>Sous presse</term><term>Stegodibelodon</term><term>Stegodon</term><term>Stegolophodon</term><term>Stegotetrabelodon</term><term>Systematic phylogeny</term><term>Tassy</term><term>Taxon</term><term>Tetralophodont</term><term>Tobien</term><term>Tusk</term><term>Upper sagantole formation</term><term>Upper tusks</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Éthiopie</term><term>Kenya</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: As the most diverse collection of Elephantoidea from one area and a single stratigraphic sequence, fossils from the Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia, add significantly to our current knowledge of the morphology and systematic phylogeny of late Neogene proboscideans. Abundant specimens of the late surviving “gomphothere” (in the informal sense), Anancus, reveal two species, an earlier more plesiomorphic form in our cladistic analysis and a later, more derived form. The former is tetralophodont on the M2 and is similar to the poorly preserved A. kenyensis from Kenya; also this earlier form is likely to be the immediate ancestor of a more derived tetralophodont Anancus from South Africa. In turn, these two species are clearly ancestral to pentalophodont sister taxa, one from North Africa (A. petrocchii) and a second from the Middle Awash. Both the South African and Ethiopian derived Anancus are apparently new species. All known African genera of the family Elephantidae are also present in the Middle Awash including the three “stegomorphs”, Stegotetrabelodon, Stegodibelodon and Stegodon, all of which form a monophyletic group with the subfamily, Elephantinae, comprising Primelephas, Loxodonta, Mammuthus, and Elephas. In our cladistic analysis, the stegomorphs form a series of paraphyletic taxa that are clearly plesiomorphic to the more widely known elephantines. Finally, the abundant Middle Awash elephants add to our belief that the loxodonts and the remaining elephants (Primelephas, Mammuthus, Elephas) form separate clades that are sister groups to one another.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kalb, Jon E" sort="Kalb, Jon E" uniqKey="Kalb J" first="Jon E." last="Kalb">Jon E. Kalb</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Froehlich, David J" sort="Froehlich, David J" uniqKey="Froehlich D" first="David J." last="Froehlich">David J. Froehlich</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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